Women s Serenity Group Of Alcoholics Anonymous - 1585 Words

I attended my first 12 Step Meeting on September 20, 2016, the Women’s Serenity Group of Alcoholics Anonymous. It was held at the Providence Presbyterian Church and was an open meeting for women only. My second 12 Step Meeting was a Narcotics Anonymous Meeting on September 30, 2016. This was an open meeting at Quail Hollow Presbyterian Church called Back to Basics. My third 12 Step Meeting was an open Al-Anon Meeting held at St Matthews Catholic Church on October 3, 2016. I was very apprehensive about going to a 12 Step Meeting. This was an unknown to me and out of my comfort zone. I was nervous because I did not know what to expect. I felt uncomfortable at the thought of going to a 12 Step Meeting. I thought I might know someone or someone might know me at the meeting. I didn’t want to invade anyones privacy nor did I want anyone to think I had a substance abuse disorder. Because I do not have personal experience with addiction my imagination was ramped comin g from movies and negative stereotypes . I imagined AA and NA Meetings to be filled with people that would look like the movie addicts, people with untidy appearances and borderline offensive hygiene with tobacco and coffee breath. I even imagined there would be a few people drunk or high and even a few swaying in their chairs. I then imagined an Al-Anon meeting filled with emotional mothers and fathers, distraught spouses and unstable children. I pictured AA, NA andAl-Anon Meetings as very depressing,Show MoreRelatedEssay on Attendence of an Aa Meeting in March 20081092 Words   |  5 PagesName of Group Attended: Alcoholics Anonymous Facility and Location of Group Attended: Date and Time of Group Attended: 3/30/08 at 7 p.m. Name of Group Leader: Bill A. A description of the group purpose and setting, providing enough information to let the instructor understand the group set-up. The main purpose of this meeting is for the attendants to stay sober and help other members achieve and/or maintain sobriety. The only requirement of attending is the desire to stop drinkingRead MoreAn Outsider s Perspective On An Alcoholics Anonymous Meeting Essay1683 Words   |  7 PagesPerspective on an Alcoholics Anonymous Meeting I was given this assignment to do as an observation on an Alcoholics Anonymous Meeting and had to write a paper on what I have observed. I did not know if I could do this without feeling self-indulgence toward the members. After speaking to a member, I could not believe the sensation of listening to that person’s short history of battling Alcoholism. I m glad to be there to learn their negative and positive outcomes in their lives. Group Information IRead MoreThe Importance Of A Counseling Student Studying Chemical Dependency957 Words   |  4 Pagesassigned to attend two 12-step meetings to better understand the 12-step process. I attended two Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) meetings at the Episcopal Church in Starkville; MS. AA is a worldwide fellowship of alcoholic men and women who are banded together to solve their common problems and to help fellow sufferers in recovery from alcoholism. These particular Alcoholics Anonymous meeting opened with a serenity prayer, a reading of the AA preamble, a daily reflection, and various other readings. The individualsRead MoreNA Reaction paper1370 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Narcotics Anonymous (NA) meeting Reaction Paper Denisha Hightower Morgan State University Dr. Anthony Estreet 4/15/15 The Narcotics Anonymous meeting which I attended was named 7 Days of NA which was located on 1212 North Wolfe Street at an organization called Dee’s Place. Just as the Alcoholic Anonymous meeting previously attended, the location appeared to be in a covert and quiet place to hold a support group. We entered through the rear entrance, which seemed to be staged thatRead MoreA Glimpse Inside Alcoholics Anonymous1662 Words   |  7 PagesA Glimpse Inside Alcoholics Anonymous â€Å"Animated in the spirit of Jesus Christ, we value all individuals’ unique talents, respect their dignity, and strive to foster their commitment to excellence in our work. Our community’s strength depends on the unity and diversity of our people, on the free exchange of ideas, and on learning, living, and working harmoniously (Saint Leo University Core Values, Respect). Introduction. I decided I wanted to visit an Alcoholics Anonymous group meeting in my localRead MoreThe Is The Static Procedure Of A.a Essay2106 Words   |  9 Pagesconcerning the lack of research; criticisms of religious connotation, sexism, and the complexities of addiction will demonstrate whether or not the A.A. program is in need of further development. The Efficacy of Alcoholics Anonymous A.A. (Alcoholics Anonymous), the beginning of the Twelve-Step recovery format, has been in operation since 1935 (Galanter, 2014). From the time when it first began, to the year 2014, A.A. has reportedly grown to approximately two million members worldwideRead MoreMy Visit to an Alcoholics Anonymous Meeting2384 Words   |  10 PagesOn February 27, 2014, I visited an Alcohol Anonymous (A.A) therapeutic group meeting called Another Chance. Another Chance is an intergroup meeting located inside the Concord Baptist Church of Christ, at 833 Gardner C. Taylor Boulevard, Brooklyn, NY 11216. Another Chance has been in operation for over thirty years, and holds open discussion meetings on alcohol use and prevention, every Thursday from six in the evening until seven o’clock. This group interaction with alcohol substance use and abuseRead MoreEssay about Alcoholic Anonymous and Al-Anon Meetings2729 Words   |  11 PagesAlcoholic Anonymous and Al-Anon Groups Nicole P. Thompson SWK-339 Coker College Professor: Jean D. Keefe April 13, 2009 Abstract Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and Al-Anon groups have helped a lot of people become sober, and to deal with an alcoholic family member. It takes a lot for a person to first admit to having a drinking problem, and then share their experiences with a room full of people. If they want help, that is what they have to do. Research on two AA meetings provided a lot ofRead MoreSpirituality and Substance Abuse Recovery Essay2818 Words   |  12 Pagespossible if an addict forgets that he or she has a disease that is incurable and succumbs to the enticement of â€Å"just this one time can’t hurt† or has the thought that â€Å"I have been clean for so long. I am cured.† Bill W. stated in his book Alcoholics Anonymous that â€Å"This is the baffling feature of alcoholism as we know it-this utter inability to leave it alone, no matter how great the necessity or the wish† (pg. 34). Complete abstinence is the only choice for those with the disease of addictionRead M oreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 Pagesmoney From multiple study paths, to self-assessment, to a wealth of interactive visual and audio resources, WileyPLUS gives you everything you need to personalize the teaching and learning experience.  » F i n d o u t h ow t o M A K E I T YO U R S  » www.wileyplus.com ALL THE HELP, RESOURCES, AND PERSONAL SUPPORT YOU AND YOUR STUDENTS NEED! 2-Minute Tutorials and all of the resources you your students need to get started www.wileyplus.com/firstday Student support from an experienced

The Effects Of Video Games On The Brain - 1585 Words

The Effect of Video Games on the Brain In today’s society, the concerns for the effects of video games have acquired quite a terrible reputation. Worried parents around the world assume video games make their children do poorly in school, and create violent, desensitized, antisocial children. The increase in violent games, usually get the blame for aggressive behavior, shootings and violence in schools and young individuals. Most beliefs about video games effect on the brain and emotions are very common misconceptions. I strongly believe that video games are an essential tool to learning and gaining much-needed skills. When people look at the studies that have been done on video games and the brain, it will be apparent that some myths about video games have been blown out of proportion. It has come to my attention that there are studies that prove the negative effects of video games may only last the duration of game play. Kids can improve in general knowledge with educational video games like Leap Frog. Video games can train specific areas of the brain as well as increase brain flexibility and memory. Gaming actually has more beneficial effects than negative effects. Video games are excellent educational implement used in elementary schools. It is extremely helpful in brain development and helping kids with trouble reading improve. Memory retention can be improved and increased with the use of strategic, thinking games. Video games, as funny as it might sound, even promoteShow MoreRelatedThe Negative Effects Of Video Games On The Brain1212 Words   |  5 PagesEffects of video games on the brain Video games are a enormous part in the world today. â€Å"More than 150 million people in the United States play video games regularly or for at least three hours per week. The number of sales has increased and in 2016, 24.5 billion games were sold, up from 23.2 billion in 2015.† â€Å"This Type of Video Game May Actually Harm Your Brain.† written by Mahita Gajanan is my positive article and â€Å"How Video Games Affect the Brain.† written by Hannah Nichols is my negative articleRead MoreVideo Games Positive And Negative Effects1317 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract In recent years, video games have played an important role in the field of education and in treating psychological patients. Video games are a form of self-indulgence, which often provide unique and engaging environments that train players to think fast and resourcefully. With the right design and mechanics, they can facilitate learning and cognitive thinking in diverse levels .Computer games can be used in children with mental health issues, psychological disorders and in chronic disordersRead MoreThe Negative Effects of Video Games Essay1337 Words   |  6 PagesVideo games began in the late 1960s. It is highly interactive but also a distinct simulation of the real world and the world of thinking. In recent years, Video games have been gaining its popularity at an amazing rate and have developed into a common form of entertainment in peoples lives. According to a survey, the researcher found that in 1992, approximately ninety-two percent of U.S. kids between 2 and 17 years of age play video games, and their parents bought 225 million of them last year toRead MoreFactors That Are Damage To A Childs Brain Case Study1109 Words   |  5 PagesFactors That Are Damaging to the Child’s Brain The BBC News suggests that a child’s brain becomes fully developed during the early thirties. This means that parents and guardians should be aware of their actions and what impact they have on a child’s brain. Whether a child grows up in an institute, orphanage, or house, there is still a probability that their caretakers can cause brain damage. This is an important problem in our community as well as in our country due to the fact that many do notRead MoreThe Effects of Video Games and Violence 1169 Words   |  5 Pagescentury, video games have become quite an attraction among people of all ages and culture. A statistic showed that the age bracket for video gaming ranges from eight to forty year olds (Baran, 2012). With the (moving ahead or up) of technology, video games also have (moving ahead or up) in its interest in whats lifelike and real and (types of writing or art). The technologies allowed video games to become very fancy (or smart) and realistic. This typ e of (moving ahead or up) had brought the Video gamingRead MoreVideo Games Enhance Cognitive Skills1372 Words   |  6 PagesDespite video games being known for promoting anger and becoming addictive, it is shown that in recent studies some video games enhance cognitive skills. It is seen that action games enhance cognitive skills and that â€Å"brain training† games do very little in improving these skills because of lack in critical features. In fairly recent studies about neuroplasticity in the brain, Daphne Bavelier and C. Shawn Green stumbled upon a discovery that certain participants were scoring well above averageRead MoreViolent Video Games Should Be Banned Essay1432 Words   |  6 Pagesviolent video game become more and more advanced. The effects of media violence on video games has been increasing in people’s daily life. It is still be an issue and have a lot of debate on whether or not violent video games should be banned. In this essay, violent video games can be defined by RWJF Blog Team as those video game which represent violence as the best or only way to resolve conflict.( Pioneering ideas 2010). This essay will discussed by two reasons for violent video game shouldRead MoreThe Effects Of Video Games On Children Essay1736 Words   |  7 PagesEffects of Video Games We see it everywhere we go, video games. Kids and adults are being captivated over the new video games that are coming out. Call of Duty, Battlefield,Uncharted; these are the games that people are enjoying and becoming fascinated with. What do all of those things have in common? There is only one answer and that is violence. Fighting, shooting, killing, these are the things that video games bring to the table and stimulate people s minds. We should ask ourselves whetherRead MoreViolent Video Games Effects On Children934 Words   |  4 Pagestodays’ society is Violent video games effect negatively on youngsters. This issue is growing because many of these games are featured aggressive elements that lead youngsters towards violence. For most players, video games are fun but also violent games take over the lives of some player. Since the world of video games was started in the 1980s, the video games still getting new level of popularity in this world. Most people are getting really addictive of these violent video games. The first importantRead More##gies Implemented In A Complex Videogame On Functional Connectivity Of Attentional Networks1237 Words   |  5 PagesMichelle W., et al. Effects of Training Strategies Implemented in a Complex Videogame on Functional Connectivity of Attentional Networks. Neuroimage, vol. 59, no. 1, 02 Jan. 2012, pp. 138-148. EBSCOhost Participants were recruited if they had had played video games for 3 hours or less a week for the past 2 years. Participants also had no prior head or neck injuries and were all aware how to aim. The participants were asked to play the game â€Å"Space fortress†, which is a game that requires the player

Does It Affect Culture as Much as Culture Affects It Free Essays

Semiotics in Fashion Photography: Does it affect culture as much as culture affects it? Introduction Fashion Photography has taken quite the belittling from the conventional world of photography. Where other forms of photography ‘naturally capture beauty, fashion photography is have said to be too meticulous in ‘setting up’ the photograph.. We will write a custom essay sample on Does It Affect Culture as Much as Culture Affects It? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Brooked states that, â€Å"fashion advertising, in particular, is seen as negating the purity of the bibliographic image. We see the typical [in fashion photography] instead of the unique moment or event. † Despite such an outlook on fashion photography, it has received thorough analysis and academic attention from the likes of Breathes, Wilson, Anderson, Brooked and Kumara. Breathes has taken fashion photography and placed it within a seismological framework, where he applies the semiotics into fashion photography as a meaner of communication through the signs and symbols for any photographs. Culture revolves around fashion photography. Or is it the other way round? It has become apparent that semiotics is greatly relevant to fashion photography, and assign is an excellent example off ‘identity-image producing media’. Fashion is an incredibly distinct language itself, and â€Å"emblematic the essence of its social context†. With that, is culture affected, or is the fashion photography affected by culture? With this essay I will be investigating the idea of whether culture is affected by fashion photography, or does fashion photography dictate our culture. Enquiry Outcomes I will be exploring the world of semiotics and how relevant it is to fashion photography and using it to solve the question of; whether fashion photography allow culture or dictates it. We take it for granted that fashion photography is something we pass by everyday, something that we do not pay very much attention to detail in our everyday lives and we don’t know how much it really affects our culture to a certain degree. With this essay I will propose the idea of culture either being the one affected and dictated by fashion photography or the vice versa. Feasibility of proposed enquiry Fashion is constantly everywhere around us, and I will take advantage of the fact that I live in a world surrounded by fashion. For my research I will be gathering large amounts of my facts and data from online sources, Journals and e-books, and if possible from books, and my own observational analysis from fashion magazines and opinions of audiences. My aim for this essay is to analyses and conceptualize the semiotics in fashion photography, coming to the conclusion of how much it affects society and culture. With my own analysis of fashion photography I will come to the conclusion of either end of the spectrum. Relevance of enquiry to personal practice Through the research that I acquire and what I learn, I think it is important to broaden my aspects of skill to other industries. The fashion industry is not too far from the design, and I think as being one of the most ‘communicative languages’ through visual meaner, fashion is an important step to understanding wholly of what makes the world tick through visuals. As an inspiring designer and photographer, I would like to use this practice to benefit me in constructing my own meanings in works and to conceptualize them on my own in the future. Bibliography 1 . Jacobsen, M. 008) Semiotics, Fashion and Cognition. Unknown. A paper that concentrates on â€Å"Rolando Breathes early cosmologically inspired theory of fashion and discusses how this theory can be revised to fit later cognitive theories of language and semiotics. † Has a considerate large amount of relevant information pertaining to my essay. 2. Breathes, R. (2006). The Language of Fashion. Oxford: Berg Pu blishers. The original source of placing fashion photography into a semiotic framework, I will base most of my essay towards Breathes theories of semiotics in fashion. 3. Rhodes, A Galoot, R. A semiotic analysis of high fashion advertising. Http:// www. Garrotes. Com/Semiotics andafashionF Though I will be focusing more of fashion photography, advertising does play a great role, and fashion photography is basically the significant part of fahsfashionertising. Through this source it concentrates more on a fashion advertising aspect and describes the art of it. 4. httpHttpews. mongMonogamym/Com5/0507chicaTinaler. htmlHTMLs is a paper done by Tina Butler on BartBreathesshion Photography as semiotics: BartBreathes the limitations of classification. Here Butler describes the details of semiotics, how they work in fashion photography and analyzes BartBreathesory in such a framework. 5. Stone, R. A Semiotic Analysis of Four Designer Clothing Advertisements http:// www. aberBaber. AC/mUKia/SstuStudents9robbersmlHTMLpite this source focusing more on an advertising aspect rather than photography, ultimately those two will always go together. Through a more thorough and focused analysis of brands, ads and the semiotics they present I can further contconceptualizehion photography in a semiotic framework. How to cite Does It Affect Culture as Much as Culture Affects It?, Papers

Role of Central Bank in Australia

Question: Discuss about the Report for the Role of Central Bank in Australia. Answer: Introduction The present report examines and analyses the role of central bank of Australia. In this context, it evaluates the role of central bank in Australia in implementing monetary policy, current economic environment of Australia, examination of effectiveness of monetary policy of the country, impact of the global issues on monetary policy and budget repair and the role of Authorized Deposit Institutions (ADIs) in dealing with credit and operational risk. At last, the report also provides some recommendations to the central bank of the country in improving the economic growth of Australia. Role of a central bank in Australia in implementing monetary policy and regulatory requirements imposed on the central bank in performing its responsibilities The Reserve Bank of Australia is the central bank of Australia that is responsible for developing monetary policy of the country. The monetary policy of the country takes major decisions involved in establishing interest rate in the financial markets. The board of Reserve bank of Australia determines the interest rates for meeting the objectives determined in the Reserve Bank Act 1959. The major objectives determined in the Reserve Bank Act 1959 are stabilizing the countrys currency, maintaining full employment and promoting economic prosperity and welfare of people in the country (Bishop, 2012). Thus, taking decisions regarding the interest rate is the main responsibility of the central bank of Australia that it performs through maintaining a uniform monetary policy in the country. The monetary policy developed through central bank of the country aims to promote sustainable growth of the economy through controlling inflation rates. Thus, the Reserve Bank of Australia encourages the long-term growth of the countrys economy through stabilizing the interest rates through the help of monetary policy developed. The monetary policy developed by the Reserve Bank Board forms a base on which the structure of interest rates in the country is established (Mayes and Toporowski, 2007). The Reserve Bank of Australia conducts its operations under the supervision of Council of Financial Regulators (CFR), Australian Prudential Regulation Authority (APRA), Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC) and the Australian Treasury. The central bank of the country regulatory shares its views and opinions with all these regulatory bodies for maintain the efficiency and effectiveness of the countrys financial system. The Reserve Bank of Australia has also membership in Financial Stability Board (FSB) and the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) that regulates the reforms imposed by the central bank on the financial system of the country (International Monetary Fund, 2012). The FSB examines and evaluates the vulnerabilities impacting the financial system and suggest possible measures to be implemented by the central bank in addressing them. On the other hand, BCBS develops the international framework for prudence regulation of the countrys banks. The Reserv e Bank of the country works in co-operation with CFR agencies in the condition on occurrence of any crisis thus maintaining the financial stability. The CFR agencies advise the central bank of Australia about resolving the distress in the financial markets in emergency conditions (International Monetary Fund, 2012). Current economic environment of Australia The economy of Australia is categorized presently as one of the largest mixed economy internationally with GDP of approximately $1.62 trillion. The current economic growth of the country is estimated to be about 3.3% with inflation rate of 1.3 per cent. The Reserve Bank of Australia has presently kept the interest rates very low at about 1.75 per cent. This is mainly done by the central bank of the country to maintain a continuous economic growth despite of the decline in business investment (Letts and Ong, 2016). The lower interest rates is maintained by the RBA for meeting the demands of the domestic sector and thus to reduce the inflation. The RBA has developed and implemented the monetary policy for managing the exchange and interest rates in order to achieve the domestic objectives. The monetary policy developed by the bank plays a major role in overcoming the situation of high inflation through adjusting the interest rates. The conditions of high inflation may negatively impact the economic growth of the country by disturbing the price equilibrium. Thus, the monetary policy of RBA is particularly aimed at achieving lower positive inflation rate for maintaining the flexibility in the price systems (Campbell, 2016). In addition to this, the monetary policy of the country has also taken into account a short-run trade-off between inflation and employment. This is done mainly to achieve the determined target of inflation as set up by the RBA. The short-run trade-off policy aims at easing of monetary policy under the conditions of any emergency for stimulating the economic growth. As such, the monetary policy of the country plays a pivotal role in cash market by influencing the short-term interest rates for overnight borrowing (OECD, 2014). The monetary policy of RBA HAS ALSO significant effect on the asset prices as stock returns is highly influenced by the increase or decrease in the cash rate. As per the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), the monetary policy has a direct impact on the prices of assets through influencing their expected future returns. The participants in the financial markets make changes in their portfolio as per the changes implemented by the RBA in the monetary policy. The ch anges in the interest rate determined in the monetary policy announced by RBA cause significant changes in the financial markets through influencing the asset prices and yields. The increase in interest rate can enhance the asset prices and yields significantly and vice-versa (OECD, 2014). Analysis of Mr. Morrisons comments that central bank effectiveness has been exhausted Mr. Morrison in the article The Australian Treasurer has argued that the effectiveness of monetary policy developed by the central bank has exhausted. Mr. Morrison has stated that ability of monetary policy developed by the RBA is diminishing with cash rate at a record of 1.5 per cent. Thus, as per Mr. Morrison the effectiveness of central bank rate cuts has diminished and thus has opposed the further cuts in interest rates by RBA (Ryan, 2016). The comment made by Mr. Morrison can be said to be reasonable as the RBA should consider more opportunities for maintaining economic growth rather than reducing the interest rates more. The banking sector is largely negatively impacted by the negative interest rate policy through reduction in deposit rates. Also, the negatives rates on deposits can cause households and business to withdraw their cash from the bank thus causing instability in the financial market. Mr. Morrison in the article has suggested the use of alternative measures such as increasing the income of people and uplifting their living standards. The banking sector of the country is also emphasizing on the importance of fiscal policy for creating economic expansion (Caution over rate cuts 'reasonable': RBA, 2016). Fiscal policy would help the government of the country to control the expenditure and tax rates and thus regulating the money supply. Thus, the establishing the fiscal policy would help the government of the country to use its revenue and expenditure sources for monetary stimulus in the country rather than cutting the interest rates. The current monetary policy developed by the Reserve Bank of Australia is losing its effectiveness as low interest rates are creating a pressure on the prices lading to accumulation of debts (Kehoe, 2016). The low interest rates maintained by the RBA would only lead to a short-term increase in the economic activity and can cause disrupt in the financial stability in the long-run. Thus, it can be said that the Mr. Morrison statement regarding the monetary policy ineffectiveness is reasonable as low interest rates maintained by RBA is posing several challenges to the stability of the financial system (Ryan, 2016). Impact of the global issues on making monetary policy and budget repair difficult in Australia The global financial crisis had a huge impact on making the monetary policy and budget repair difficult in Australia. The global issues that occurred after the occurrence of financial crisis such as collapse of large financial institutions negatively impacted the financial markets globally. The main reason behind the global financial crisis was collapse of US sub-prime mortgage market and busting of housing boom that results in disruption of global financial system. In addition to this, the withdrawal of the UK from European Union known as Brexit is further resulting in global financial stability. The weakening of the global financial systems resulted in posing several challenges before the monetary policy of Australia and making budget repair difficult. Brexit is also likely to have a wide impact on the US presidential election and the political system of the country. This is due to the large impact of the Brexit on the global economy recession. The fallout of Brexit has resulted in slowing down of economic growth and causing volatility in the financial market. The central banks are proving to be largely ineffective in maintaining the stability of the global financial system. This is mainly due to weakening of the British Currency and the U.S. has to look for new partners from the European Union countries (How Brexit Will Change the World, 2016). Thus, the instability in the global financial system is further posing challenges before the Australias monetary policy effectiveness. The negative interest rate is creating pressure on the RBA decisions for further policy action. This can cause upward pressure on the Australian dollar with monetary policy becoming largely ineffective for further cutting down the interest rates. The government of Australia has only a potential option of implementing a fiscal policy on creating a match between government expenditure and revenues thus strengthening the Australian dollar (Assessing the implications of negative interest rates, 2016). However, with the weakening of the global financial system the Australian government is facing the challenge of increasing the tax revenue due to global recession. This would further cause the budget repair rather difficult and thus can hamper the successful implementation of fiscal policy by the government. The increase in housing prices in Sydney is furthe r disrupting the financial system with upward pressure on the Australian dollar. Thus, the global issues such as financial crisis and fallout of Brexit are making monetary policy and budget repair difficult in Australia (Heath, 2016). Discussion on Authorized Deposit Institutions (ADIs) dealing with credit, liquidity, operating and interest rate risks in Australia and use of Basel Records to deal with these risks Authorized Deposit Institutions (ADIs) includes banks and credit unions of Australia that have gain authority from Australian government under the Banking Act 1959 to take deposits from customers. The ADIs are developed by the Australian Prudential Regulation Authority (APRA) for greater supply of funds that are gained directly from the capital markets. The rationale behind the concept of ADIs in Australia is to manage properly the deposits of investors by protecting it from the operational and interest rate risk (Apra Insight, 2012). The credit, liquidity, operational and interest-rate risk is lower for ADIs industry in Australia and thus is responsible for the large success of authorized deposit taking institutions in the country. The industry has remained profitable and well-capitalized and has not gained recession over the past 20 years in the Australia. The banking sector globally faces large risk on account of the bank restructuring as it is impacted directly with significant c hanges in the European Union rules and regulations. The ADIS however faces lower risk as it is not directly exposed to the fund markets and have limited exposure to economies of the European Union. Thus, global volatility has lower impact on the ADIs thus they effectively deal with credit, liquidity, operating and interest rate risk in Australia (Apra Insight, 2012). In addition to this, Basel Accords that are mainly the regulations of the banking sector namely Basel I, II, III also largely helps in dealing with capital and market risk. The banking regulations are established by the Basel Committee on Bank Supervision for ensuring that financial institutions have sufficient supply of funds for meeting their obligations (Peterson Institute, 2008). The Basel I that is first Basel accord aims at reducing the capital risk that is managing credit and liquidity risk faced by the baking institutions. As per the Basel I, all the banks globally are required to have a risk weight of 8% or less. The second Basel accord, Basel II, specially aims at reducing the market risk by encouraging sound banking practices. At last, Basel Accord III directs banks to maintain a minimum liquidity and equity ratio for preventing the occurrence of any financial crisis (Onyiriuba, 2015). Conclusion Thus, it can be summarized from the overall discussion held in the report that Reserve Bank of Australia plays a central role in regulating the monetary conditions in the country. The RBA is responsible for developing and implementing monetary policy that regulates interest rates in the country. However, RBA needs to adopt strong measures for enhancing the effectiveness of monetary m policy in order to stimulate the economic growth of the country that is slowing down due to global challenges. In addition to this, ADIs and Basel accords in Australia plays a large role in dealing with credit, liquidity, operational and interest-rate risks. Recommendations Thus, it can be recommended to the Reserve Bank of Australia on the basis of the overall discussion that it needs to make its monetary policy more effective by strengthening the economic growth of the country. The government of Australia is recommended to implement a fiscal policy in addition to monetary policy for promoting the growth of the banking sector. The RBA should develop a proper regulatory framework for protecting the impact of global issues on the economic growth of the Australia (Blanchard and Sheen, 2013). The fallout of Brexit is posing several challenges before the RBA and the Australian government to ensure the effectiveness of monetary policy and repairing the budget deficit. The low-interest rates is negatively impacting the business investment thus causing the decrease in tax revenue collected by the government. This is responsible for trade deficit in the country and thus the government of the country is recommended to adopt a strong fiscal policy for creating a match between tax revenue and expenditure (Canavan, 2016). Also, it should support the growth of ADIs industry in order to mitigate the liquidity and interest-rate risks as they do not have a direct exposure to euro economies as compared to that of banking sector. The APRA should also properly implement the Basel Accords for adequately managing the operational and market risk. References Apra Insight. (2012). Retrieved on 2 December, 2016, from https://www.apra.gov.au/Insight/Documents/12-Insight-issue-2.pdf Assessing the implications of negative interest rates. (2016). Retrieved on 2 December, 2016, from https://www.ecb.europa.eu/press/key/date/2016/html/sp160728.en.html Bishop, T. (2012). Money, Banking and Monetary Policy. Lulu.com. Blanchard, O. and Sheen, J. (2013). Macroeconomics: Australasian Edition. Pearson Higher Education AU. Campbell, F. (2016). The Implementation of Monetary Policy: Domestic Market Operations. Retrieved on 2 December, 2016, from https://www.rba.gov.au/mkt-operations/resources/implementation-mp.html Canavan, G. (2016). Why Fiscal Policy Is About to Make a Comeback. Retrieved on 2 December, 2016, from https://www.dailyreckoning.com.au/fiscal-policy-make-comeback/2016/10/10/ Caution over rate cuts 'reasonable': RBA. (2016). Retrieved on 2 December, 2016, from https://www.skynews.com.au/business/business/market/2016/10/18/caution-over-rate-cuts--reasonable---rba.html Heath, M. (2016). Australia Rejoins Global Disinflation Fight With Record Low Rate. Retrieved on 2 December, 2016, from https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-08-02/rba-cuts-rates-to-record-low-to-counter-low-inflation-weak-jobs How Brexit Will Change the World. (2016). Retrieved on 2 December, 2016, from https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2016/06/brexit-change-europe-britain-us-politics-213990 International Monetary Fund. (2012). Australia: Basel Core Principles for Effective Banking SupervisionDetailed Assessment of Observance. International Monetary Fund. Kehoe, J. (2016). Scott Morrison: No more RBA interest rate cuts. Retrieved on 2 December, 2016, from https://reia.asn.au/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/10-Oct-Scott-Morrison-No-more-RBA-interest-rate-cuts.pdf Letts, S. and Ong, T. (2016). Interest rates left on hold by Reserve Bank at 1.75 per cent. Retrieved on 2 December, 2016, from https://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-06-07/reserve-bank-leaves-interest-rates-on-hold-at-june-meeting/7484882 Mayes, D. and Toporowski, J. (2007). Open Market Operations and Financial Markets. Routledge. OECD. (2014). OECD Economic Surveys: Australia 2014. OECD Publishing. Onyiriuba, L. (2015). Emerging Market Bank Lending and Credit Risk Control: Evolving Strategies to Mitigate Credit Risk, Optimize Lending Portfolios, and Check Delinquent Loans. Academic Press. Peterson Institute.( 2008). Banking on Basel: The Future of International Financial Regulation. Ryan, P. (2016). Reserve Bank's interest rate cutting capacity may be at an end: Treasurer Scott Morrison. Retrieved on 2 December, 2016, from https://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-10-10/scott-morrison-rba-capacity-to-cut-interest-rates-end/7918334